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Definitions of relevant terms and some commonly used abbreviations.

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Term

Meaning

A

Absorbed dose

Quantity of energy imparted by ionising radiation to unit mass of matter such as tissue. Unit gray, symbol Gy. 1 Gy = 1 joule per kilogram.

Activity Concentration

The activity per unit mass or volume, e.g. Bq kg-1, Bq l-1

AECL

Atomic Energy Canada Limited

ALARA

"As low as reasonably achievable", refers to actions directed to limiting doses to individuals, the number of exposed individuals, and the probability of receiving a dose.

Allometry

Relationships between body mass of organisms and various parameters (including of relevance to PROTECT radionuclide biological half-life and dietary dry matter intake).

Assessment Endpoint

The biological effect inferred from measurements or predictions and which the assessment framework is designed to study.

Assessment factor

Allowance for degree of uncertainty, caused by lack of effects data. For example, an estimated lowest observed effect concentration may, as a precautionary approach, be divided by a assessment factor (normally within the range of 10 to 10000) to safeguard against harmful effects, where the magnitude of the assessment factor reflects the degree and type of uncertainty (e.g. lack of chronic exposure data, lack of data for different taxonomic groups or trophic levels, etc.). The assessment factor (AF) is also know as the safety factor.

Assessment Framework

Identification and demarcation of the assessment boundaries. In FASSET, the framework contains the process from problem formulation through to characterisation of the effects of radiation on individuals. The overall
assessment system describes the tools, methods and information flow used to carry out the impact assessment.

Authorisation

he granting by a regulatory body or other governmental body of written permission for an operator to perform specified activities.

B

BAT

Best Available Technology: a term applied to abatement technology designed to limit pollutant discharges. The term constitutes a moving target on practices, since developing societal values and advancing techniques may change what is currently regarded as 'best available'. Similar terms include 'best practicable means' and 'best practicable environmental option'.

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